Vascular rigidity parameters of coronary disease patients: stable angina II-III FC intensity patients

Moskaluk M. I., Prasolov A. V., Knyazeva L. I., Knyazeva L. A., Goriyanov I. I., Kolesnikova O. E., Kirevnina R. E, Grishaeva G. M.
Internal diseases department №1 KGMU, GMU, KOKB, Kursk, Russia

In recent years an interest in research of main arteries rigidity role in processing of cardiovascular diseases increased essentially. A close interrelationship between pathological changes related to vascular walls mechanical properties and cardiovascular complications frequency was detected.

Purpose: Research of vascular rigidity parameters of coronary disease patients: stable angina II-III FC (functional class) intensity patients in combination with COLD (chronic obstructive lung disease) I-II st. RD (respiratory distress) I.
Materials and methods. 80 coronary disease patients: stable angina II-III FC (functional class) intensity patients in combination with COLD (chronic obstructive lung disease) I-II st. RD (respiratory distress) I – 60 male (75%) and 20 female (25%) took part in the research. All the patients were randomized into two groups: first group – 40 patients with no myocardial infarction in case history: second group – 40 patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis. The average age of the inspected patients is 52,0 ± 5,06 years. 30 healthy people of average age 52,2 ± 6,3 years  entered a control group. Two weeks before research therapy of patients included simvastatin, aspirin, nitroglycerin if required. Vascular rigidity was inspected with the use of ambulatory blood pressure monitors manufactured by “Petr Telegin” company (Nizhny Novgorod) and BPLab software.

Results: The conducted research proved that all stable angina II-III FC intensity patients have decreased vascular compliance in comparison with control group. Pulse transit time (24% decrease at p<0,01) is considered to be decreased. Decrease of maximum rate of arterial pressure rise (dPdt) (42% decrease, p<0,01) was detected what defines vascular walls load at pulse wave propagation indirectly. Arterial stiffness index reached 46,4 ± 1,8 for patients with no myocardial infarction in case history and 54,2 ± 1,8 for patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis what exceeded control group rate (37,1 ± 1,7) by 25% and 46% at p< 0,01 accordingly. In comparison with control values a triple increase of augmentation index (AIx) for coronary disease patients in combination with COLD (chronic obstructive lung disease) was detected. Systolic area index (SAI) increased over 19% (63,8 ± 1,6 at p<0,05) in the first group of patients, by 27% in the second group (67,9 ± 1,8 at p<0,05) – in comparison with control group (53,5 ± 1,6). The acquired data testify that coronary disease patients: stable angina II-III FC (functional class) intensity patients in combination with COLD (chronic obstructive lung disease) have a greater vascular walls rigidity. Significant inverse relationship between pulse transit time and age of inspected patients (r = - 0,54, at p<0,01), less strong – between body mass index (r = - 0,47, at p<0,05) was detected for correlation analysis.

Conclusions: Increase of vascular walls rigidity is present among coronary disease patients: stable angina II-III FC (functional class) intensity patients in combination with COLD (chronic obstructive lung disease), more intense – among patients with myocardial infarction in case history.